If you drink alcohol, anything you drink goes directly to your baby through the umbilical cord.

This can lead to:

  • Miscarriage
  • Stillbirth
  • Birth defects
  • Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

If you smoke, all of the chemicals you breathe in go straight to your baby. 

This can:

  • Lower your baby’s heart rate
  • Lower the amount of oxygen available to your baby
  • Increase chances of miscarriage and stillbirth
  • Increase risk that your baby is born early or underweight
  • Increase your baby’s risk of lung problems
  • Increase risk of birth defects
  • Increase risk of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome

Source: womenshealth.gov